The Ongoing Transformation
Book Review
Nikhil Menon looks at how the forces of global politics and capitalism shaped India’s technological revolution, as described in Dwaipayan Banerjee’s recent book.
Digital Identity
The nation’s experience with developing digital credentials may be instructive for other countries seeking to build an identity system that reflects civic and social preferences.
Reparative Science
How can scientists and research institutions contribute to social justice?
University Innovation
Even though the 1980 Bayh–Dole Act is widely considered a success, the modern research enterprise operates under new tensions that the legislation was not built to address.
Grid Infrastructure
A lack of standardized infrastructure data is holding back efforts to modernize the nation’s electrical grid.
Data Centers
Data centers have become tests of whether and how local governments can negotiate the physical terms of the AI economy.
Real Numbers
A core design feature allows the Small Business Innovation Research and Small Business Technology Transfer programs to serve a federal innovation system with missions as diverse as biomedical research, energy technology, and national defense.
Focused Research Investments
Locally focused research investments enable coalitions of scientists and citizens to serve community needs.
Poem
You have been lonely all these years.
You once loved a French lop named Cleo.
You once loved a boy named Rabbit….
AI Oversight
Oversight of artificial intelligence is largely built on benchmarks that fail to capture how models have learned to “perform for the test.” A better system would govern through learning and inquiry.
Urban Robots
As robot-human interactions become more commonplace in urban spaces, policymakers can use a diagnostic to find the best existing tools for governance and determine when new ones are needed.
Autonomous Vehicles
After a plane crash, the entire aviation industry learns from the failure. Autonomous vehicle companies should adopt a similar standard.
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Vol. XLII, No. 4, Summer 2026
As robots increasingly become part of the urban landscape, local officials must ensure that they are integrated safely and efficiently. There are a lot of existing rules governing vehicles and devices in cities, but which ones should apply to robots and when should new rules be considered? The essays in the Summer 2026 Issues explore this and many other topics, including how community colleges are training the AI workforce, the future of the National Science Board, assessing the costs and benefits of clean air regulations, and how communities are learning to bargain with big tech companies over data centers.
Browse the Issue
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Subscribe to the Print EditionIn response to essays published in Issues, our readers weigh in on critical topics in policy related to science, technology, and society.
Summer 2026
A Discussion of
Response By
Summer 2026
A Discussion of
Responses By
How can rapidly expanding cities provide affordable, green housing? To understand the challenges in doing so, look to the capital of Nigeria.
Response
Imagine a housing development that takes green architecture to another level, braiding plants into the very scaffolding of a home. Osahon Ize-Iyamu’s story brings us to such a development, where a grief-stricken daughter struggles to defend her late mother’s vision of sustainable housing against financial, regulatory, and personal hurdles.
A young protagonist is forced to follow strict prompts embedded deep in her brain via an implant. The protagonist’s parents installed the brain implant in the hopes of guiding their child to live a “good” life. But when the family immigrates to a place whose customs and language diverge from their own, the protagonist is torn between internal and external prompts—and discovers how quickly they can both become a trap.
Familial and cultural prompts shape children’s experiences of relationships and themselves—especially among children in diaspora. How do those prompts change over time?
Response
What happens when you hold someone’s gaze—really hold it? An artist and an inventor try to recreate that experience in Sofia Samatar’s Future Tense Fiction story. Absorbed in detail and technicalities, they neglect a more fundamental question: Will they be ready to see what their technology reflects back to them?
How does emotion travel through our eyes? In his response to Sofia Samatar’s story, video game designer Will Hellwarth shares his quest to create a narrative world that responds to a player’s blink.
Response
After the firing of the National Science Board, legislators have an opportunity to establish a new balance between democratic accountability and protection from partisan meddling.
Although public attention is focused on the federal government’s efforts to slash funding for scientific research, the decimation of the democratic institutional processes that undergird state-sponsored scientific research is far more consequential.
To improve the relationship between science and the public, funders should embrace a new ontology of scientific work that aligns incentives with society’s goals.
University leadership needs to shift attention from chasing prestige to crafting strategies for long-term success.
